Dr. Ramaprabhu's Research Group

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Development of carbon nanotube based gas sensors

Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in 1991, these one-dimensional nanostructured materials have attracted tremendous interest from fundamental and technological perspectives due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Concerns regarding the safety aspects of handling toxic gases and hydrogen-based utilities have resulted in search for new and better gas sensors. Nanostructured Pt/Pd/oxide/polymer functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) produced by catalytic chemical vapor deposition are good room temperature gas sensors in particluar hydrogen sensor. Purified and chemically treated MWNTs  functionalized by Pt/Pd result in nanostructured dispersion of Pt/Pd on CNTs. In-situ electrical resistance measurements for thin films of MWNTs obtained by spin coating samples carried out by two probe technique in a chamber with provision to introduce known concentration of hydrogen in constant air flow. The Pt/Pd-MWNTs thin films are stable after several cycles of adsorption and desorption. The change in electrical resistance due to hydrogen adsorption is reversible, with increase to saturation on exposure to hydrogen gas. The results demonstrate that chemically treated MWNTs functionalized with Pd show the better sensing response when exposed to H2 at room temperature.


  Gas sensor test station
(Indo - US Air force collabration on chemical and gas sesors)

          

TEM and HRTEM images of Pt-CNT

Resistance variation of Pt-MWNT thin films during repeated hydrogenation and dehydrogenation with
varied hydrogen concentration in air and at 25, 75 and 100°C respectively.